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Innovations archive

Technology & Computing

Voice over Internet Protocol systems

1990s–2000sNew Jersey, United StatesMarian Croak Verified

The problem

Carrying voice over packet networks meant solving jitter, packet loss, routing and reliability at carrier scale.

The innovation

A large portfolio of patented methods for delivering reliable voice and multimedia over IP networks.

How it worked

Packetised audio with routing, buffering and quality management replaces a dedicated circuit for each call.

Why it mattered

Long-distance calling costs collapsed; audio and video calling became a default expectation.

The legacy

Croak's text-to-donate system later channelled hundreds of millions in disaster relief giving by SMS.

You use this today

Every internet call and video meeting.

Sources

  • Marian Croak patent portfolio

    Patent record · United States Patent Office

  • National Inventors Hall of Fame induction, 2022

    Institutional record · National Inventors Hall of Fame