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Inventor database
Documented

Charles R. Drew

Built the science and logistics of blood banking

At a glance

Inventor
Charles R. Drew
Life
1904–1950
Birthplace
Washington, D.C.
Country
United States
Region
United States
Era
1900–1950
Fields
Medicine & Health
Evidence
Documented
Records
1 in this archive

What they did

Drew's 1940 Columbia doctoral thesis, 'Banked Blood', established how plasma could be preserved and distributed; he then directed the Blood for Britain programme and the first American Red Cross blood bank.

Historical context

Whole blood spoiled within days. Wartime demand made large-scale, shippable, storable supply an urgent problem.

Obstacles

Drew publicly objected to the military's policy of segregating blood by donor race, which had no scientific basis, and left the Red Cross programme.

The legacy

Modern blood banking, plasma processing and mobile collection descend from his protocols.

The evidence

  • Charles R. Drew, 'Banked Blood' (doctoral thesis, 1940)

    University archive · Columbia University Libraries

  • The Charles R. Drew Papers

    Government archive · US National Library of Medicine, Profiles in Science